# Convoy Finance

> CPA-led fractional CFO, accounting, and tax advisory firm for tech startups and Web3 companies. Based in Toronto and Montreal, Canada, serving clients across 8 jurisdictions including Canada, the United States, the UAE (ADGM), BVI, and the Cayman Islands. Accounting services are provided under Nexoa CPA Professional Corporation.

Convoy Finance provides strategic finance leadership without the cost of a full-time hire: monthly management accounts, bookkeeping, payroll, cross-border tax structuring, audit defense, and crypto-native accounting (exchanges, hot wallets, token treasuries, subledgers). The team is CPA-led with 22+ years of collective experience, 70+ tech and Web3 projects served, and 20+ entities under monthly management.

## Services

- [Fractional CFO Advisory](https://www.convoyfinance.com/services/fractional-cfo): Strategic finance leadership, monthly close, board packs, fundraising support, and cash-flow management for startups
- [Monthly Accounting](https://www.convoyfinance.com/services/accounting): Bookkeeping, payroll, and accurate on-time management accounts every month
- [Tax & Compliance Advisory](https://www.convoyfinance.com/services/tax-compliance): Cross-border structuring, audit defense, and licensing across Canada, the US, the UAE, and offshore jurisdictions
- [Crypto & Web3 Finance](https://www.convoyfinance.com/services/crypto-web3): Crypto accounting, subledger integration (exchanges, wallets), token treasury reporting, and digital-asset tax compliance

## Specialties

- [Crypto Bookkeeping](https://www.convoyfinance.com/crypto-bookkeeping): Wallet-level bookkeeping through enterprise subledgers, with a monthly close reconciled to the chain
- [Crypto Tax Accountant in Canada](https://www.convoyfinance.com/crypto-tax-accountant-canada): CRA-compliant crypto tax filings, classification memos, GST/HST positions, and audit defense
- [Bitcoin Mining Accounting](https://www.convoyfinance.com/bitcoin-mining-accounting): Revenue recognition, ASIC depreciation, energy cost allocation, and cost-per-coin reporting for miners and hosts

## Local services

- [Crypto Accountant in Toronto](https://www.convoyfinance.com/crypto-accountant-toronto): CPA-led crypto accounting for Toronto businesses
- [Fractional CFO in Toronto](https://www.convoyfinance.com/fractional-cfo-toronto): Fractional CFO services for Toronto startups
- [Crypto Accountant in Montreal](https://www.convoyfinance.com/crypto-accountant-montreal): CPA-led crypto accounting for Montreal businesses
- [Fractional CFO in Montreal](https://www.convoyfinance.com/fractional-cfo-montreal): Fractional CFO services for Montreal startups

## Company

- [About](https://www.convoyfinance.com/about): Team, credentials, and how the firm works
- [Contact](https://www.convoyfinance.com/contact): Request a consult via a short qualification form; companies that meet the criteria are offered a call booking
- [Careers](https://www.convoyfinance.com/careers): Open roles and general applications

## Guides: startup finance

- [How Much Does Outsourced Accounting Cost for Startups?](https://www.convoyfinance.com/resources/how-much-does-outsourced-accounting-cost): Outsourced bookkeeping runs $500 to $2,500 per month for most startups. What drives the price, what full-service accounting adds, and how to compare quotes.
- [What Does a Fractional CFO Do? Deliverables, Month by Month](https://www.convoyfinance.com/resources/what-does-a-fractional-cfo-do): The actual work product of a fractional CFO engagement: what lands in month one, the recurring monthly rhythm, and quarterly and annual cycles.
- [How Much Does a Fractional CFO Cost?](https://www.convoyfinance.com/resources/how-much-does-a-fractional-cfo-cost): What fractional CFO services cost in 2026: monthly retainer ranges, hourly rates, project pricing, and how to compare quotes.
- [Fractional CFO vs Full-Time CFO: Which Does Your Startup Need?](https://www.convoyfinance.com/resources/fractional-cfo-vs-full-time-cfo): A side-by-side comparison of fractional and full-time CFOs: total cost, depth of involvement, when each model wins, and how to switch.
- [When Should a Startup Hire a Fractional CFO?](https://www.convoyfinance.com/resources/when-should-a-startup-hire-a-fractional-cfo): Five concrete signals that your startup needs a fractional CFO, what one costs compared to a full-time hire, and what to expect in the first 90 days.
- [Multi-Entity Structures for Tech Startups: Canada, US, and UAE](https://www.convoyfinance.com/resources/multi-entity-structures-for-tech-startups): When a tech startup should add a second entity, how Canada-US and UAE structures typically fit together, and the compliance obligations each layer creates.
- [Management Accounts for Startups: What Good Monthly Reporting Looks Like](https://www.convoyfinance.com/resources/management-accounts-for-startups): What belongs in a startup's monthly management accounts, how fast the close should be, and the reporting package investors and boards actually want to see.

## Guides: crypto tax

- [Crypto Accounting in Canada: ACB, Tax Treatment, and Clean Books](https://www.convoyfinance.com/resources/crypto-accounting-canada-guide): The CPA-written guide to crypto accounting for Canadian companies: adjusted cost base (ACB) rules, income vs capital, GST/HST, T1135, and audit-ready books.
- [Token Valuation and Income Timing in Crypto (2025 Tax Guide)](https://www.convoyfinance.com/resources/token-valuation-and-timing-challenges): Learn how to value crypto tokens and recognize income correctly under 2025 tax rules. Covers pre-launch tokens, staking rewards, and DeFi yields.
- [Form 1099-DA Reporting in 2026: Who Must Issue It, What It Shows, and What the IRS Sees Beyond It](https://www.convoyfinance.com/resources/form-1099-da-and-the-new-broker-reporting-revolution): Exchanges, hosted wallets, kiosks and payment processors must issue Form 1099-DA. 2025 forms show gross proceeds only; basis reporting starts with 2026 sales.
- [Wallet-by-Wallet Crypto Tax Rules Explained (2025 Guide)](https://www.convoyfinance.com/resources/end-universal-pool-accounting-corporate-crypto-2025): Learn how 2025 IRS rules end universal pool accounting for crypto. Understand wallet-by-wallet basis tracking and what it means for your business.
- [Cross-Border Crypto Tax Compliance Guide (2025 CARF Rules)](https://www.convoyfinance.com/resources/cross-border-crypto-compliance): Explore how CARF reshapes global crypto tax reporting. Learn international compliance steps for U.S., EU, and Asian crypto operations.
- [Corporate Crypto Tax Reporting Guide for 2025 (Form 1120 Explained)](https://www.convoyfinance.com/resources/corporate-crypto-holdings-under-the-microscope): Discover how new 2025 IRS rules impact corporate crypto holdings. Learn Form 1120 digital asset disclosure and audit readiness strategies.
- [Crypto Business vs. Investment Classification (2025 Tax Guide)](https://www.convoyfinance.com/resources/business-vs-investment-classification-for-crypto-activities): Learn how to classify crypto activities as business or investment under 2025 IRS rules. Understand tax benefits, risks, and documentation tips.

## Guides: us tax

- [Kalshi Taxes and Polymarket Gains: Does the 60/40 Rate Actually Apply?](https://www.convoyfinance.com/resources/kalshi-polymarket-taxes-llc-section-1256): An LLC trading Kalshi and Polymarket event contracts raises a real tax question: does Section 1256's 60/40 rate apply? Here is where the law stands in 2026.

## Guides: cross-border tax

- [US-Canada Cross-Border Tax for SaaS Startups: A Founder's Guide](https://www.convoyfinance.com/resources/us-canada-cross-border-tax-guide-saas-startups): What Canadian SaaS founders need to know before selling into the US: permanent establishment, state sales tax, withholding, and transfer pricing.

## Guides: crypto compliance

- [Crypto Legal Strategy & Entity Structuring](https://www.convoyfinance.com/resources/strategic-planning-structure-optimization): Learn how lawyers can design compliant crypto structures under 2025 IRS and CARF rules. Includes entity analysis, classification, and documentation tips.
- [Ongoing Crypto Legal Compliance Management](https://www.convoyfinance.com/resources/ongoing-compliance-management): Learn how lawyers can manage ongoing crypto compliance. Covers monthly reviews, quarterly audits, and annual reporting under new 2025 tax regulations.
- [Implementing Crypto Legal Compliance Systems](https://www.convoyfinance.com/resources/implementation-documentation): How lawyers can implement crypto compliance frameworks under the new tax rules: board resolutions, digital asset policies, and audit documentation.
- [Crypto Legal Client Onboarding Guide](https://www.convoyfinance.com/resources/client-onboarding-initial-assessment): Learn how lawyers can assess crypto clients under 2025 tax rules. Covers wallet-by-wallet tracking, Form 1099-DA, and CARF risk reviews.

## Optional

- [All resources](https://www.convoyfinance.com/resources): Full article index with search and categories
- [Terms and policies](https://www.convoyfinance.com/terms-and-policies): Legal terms